Freshwater

Kōaro are excellent climbers and like clear, swiftly flowing, forested streams.

Climate data and common terms explaining the causes and effects of climate change.

A hot and steamy summer saw Kiwis heading down to rivers and lakes to cool off. But they weren’t the only ones enjoying the warmer weather – algae had a great time too.

More information about our online freshwater databases.

Waterways can easily become contaminated by pathogens when effluent is discharged nearby.

A collection of ID guides to algae. Groups include major freshwater algal groups, diatoms and blue-green (cyanobacteria), red and green algae.

There are two species of kōura or freshwater crayfish in Aotearoa.

Identifying biological factors that may be limiting fish numbers requires sampling to ensure that key invertebrate prey species are not scarce and that pest fish, especially predators, are not abundant.

Estuaries are at the bottom of the freshwater drainage network and, effectively, are a part of it. This means that every time we act to protect and enhance streams and rivers we are also benefiting the estuary at the downstream end.

Here are some simple steps to minimise the effects of dairying on water quality and mahinga kai.

El Niño accounts for less than 25 percent of the year-to year variance in seasonal rainfall and temperature at most locations in New Zealand, however its effects can be significant.