Freshwater

We provide public information on river, lake, and groundwater conditions across New Zealand including freshwater quantity and quality.

  • Mining

    Mining is the extraction of metal and mineral resources, such as gold, coal, petroleum, and ironsand
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    Kōaro

    Kōaro are excellent climbers and like clear, swiftly flowing, forested streams.
  • Impacts of hydro

    Impacts of hydro-electric activities on water quality and mahinga kai.
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    Mitigation and best practice options

    Some simple steps to minimise the effects of wastewater on water quality and mahinga kai.
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    Sediment and urbanisation

    How does urbanisation increase sediments in waterways?
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    Biological limitations

    Identifying biological factors that may be limiting fish numbers requires sampling to ensure that key invertebrate prey species are not scarce and that pest fish, especially predators, are not abundant.
  • Pulp and paper

    Wood chips and plant material make pulp that is used to produce paper products.
  • Dry stock

    Dry stock farming consists predominantly of pasture grazing beef cattle, sheep, and deer for meat, wool, and velvet production.
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    Mining activities

    A range of different mining techniques have been developed to obtain these valuable resources
  • Water dams

    Damming water for urban use, hydro-electric power generation, irrigation, and other industrial and commercial uses.
  • Nature knows best?

    Feature story
    Returning water to our waterways after we’ve used it in our homes, on farms and in industry is a complex and challenging process.
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    Algae ID guides

    A collection of ID guides to algae. Groups include major freshwater algal groups, diatoms and blue-green (cyanobacteria), red and green algae.