Atmospheric analysis

Some simple steps to minimise the effects of wastewater on water quality and mahinga kai.

Descriptions of the common terms that explain the processes that occur in hydrology.

Tairua station

The Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) is a simple measure of drought (and also of very wet conditions) and is based solely on the accumulated precipitation for a given time period.

Learn how to use the New Zealand Freshwater Fish Database (NZFFD)

This manual prescribes a set of sampling and analysis protocols applicable to most of the common stream habitats in New Zealand.

A high proportion of New Zealand’s native freshwater fish fauna need to migrate to and from the sea.

Station height is in metres above mean sea level. Years of data are the number of complete years of data for the 1981 – 2010 period.

Northland, with its northern location, low elevation and close proximity to the sea is characterised by a mild, humid, and rather windy climate.

Mountainous areas are subject to heavy snowfalls, high winds, and low temperatures. Semi-permanent snow and ice fields exist at about 1000-1100 metres during winter.

NIWA’s climate scientists can now confirm what you may have suspected. After carefully poring through more than a century’s worth of data, it has been officially determined that winter 2022 was Aotearoa New Zealand’s warmest and wettest on record.