Heavy rainfall is one of the most frequent and widespread severe weather hazards to affect New Zealand.

Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is measured continuously at Baring Head, providing the longest running record of this type in the Southern hemisphere.

Information about past climate is obtained from piecing evidence together from various sources.

Temperature affects the number and type of animals and plants that live in a waterway.

New Zealand’s forests and other land areas may be absorbing up to 60% more carbon dioxide than has been calculated, with much of this uptake likely occurring in native forests, NIWA scientists have discovered.

The 2012-2013 drought affected the entire North Island plus the west coast of the South Island.

We have prepared a breakdown of the different guidelines that are available for sampling freshwater fisheries. The overview provides links to key documents that explain what should be considered when designing fish monitoring studies and how to implement the various sampling techniques.

An interactive guide to the sponges of New Zealand.

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Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a relative measure of the amount of oxygen (O2) dissolved in water.