On 1 July 2025, NIWA merged with GNS Science to become Earth Sciences New Zealand.

Delft3d model of Waimakariri River flood in 2000

NIWA

Figure 1. Left: de-trended digital elevation models (DEMs) of the Waimakariri River before and after a flood in April 2000, locating the origin of the avulsion event that was reproduced by the Delft3D model. Right: DEM-of-difference over the event, showing erosion and deposition patterns. Flow is left to right. The Delft3D morphodynamic simulation of this flood can be viewed at https://vimeo.com/73182958/.