Freshwater quality

The kākahi or freshwater mussel was a valuable mahinga kai resource for many Māori.

How do hydro-electricity activities potentially influence waterway temperatures?

There are two methods to determine visual clarity in SHMAK; the clarity tube (or SHMAK tube) and the black disc method.

Grey mullet have a worldwide distribution and Aotearoa is at the southern limit of their range.

Water clarity or turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness in a fluid caused by individual small particles (suspended solids).

To prepare for changes in climate, our freshwater and oceans decision-makers need information on species vulnerability to climate change.

Kōaro are excellent climbers and like clear, swiftly flowing, forested streams.

What are the potential sources of sediments from land use activities?

There are two species of kōura or freshwater crayfish in Aotearoa.

NIWA is doing a nationwide study to discover what makes the best riparian projects. Help us give you the knowledge to make the best riparian management decisions possible by taking our 5 minute survey.

NIWA provides technical background information on "Clean Water" swimmability proposals.