On 1 July 2025, NIWA merged with GNS Science to become Earth Sciences New Zealand.

Monthly values of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), a measure of changes in atmospheric pressures across the Pacific, and the 3-month mean (black line). SOI preliminary mean values: July SOI -1.5; May to July average -1.3.

Monthly values of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), a measure of changes in atmospheric pressures across the Pacific, and the 3-month mean (black line). SOI preliminary mean values: July SOI -1.5; May to July average -1.3.