On 1 July 2025, NIWA merged with GNS Science to become Earth Sciences New Zealand.

Invasion by hornwort

Invasion by hornwort. A dense, closed canopy (up to 7m) chokes waterways and displaces native species. Hornwort has no proper roots, but rather basal stems lodged in the mud - this also results in buoyant rafts or floating mats. Credit: Mary de Winton