Atmospheric analysis

NIWA has been using advanced scientific instruments to measure atmospheric trace gases and isotopes for over 50 years.

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    Category E - Tidal lagoons or barrier enclosed lagoons

    Shallow, circular to slightly elongated basins with simple shorelines and extensive intertidal area.
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    Category D - Coastal embayments

    Shallow, circular or slightly elongated basins with simple shorelines and wide entrances that are open to the ocean.
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    Category C - Tidal river lagoons

    These occur where the mouth of a main river channel connects to shallow lagoons.
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    Category B - Tidal river mouths

    Elongated basins of simple shape and several to ten metres depth.
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    Category A - Coastal lakes

    Very shallow basins (several metres depth). They are often elongated and run parallel to the shore.
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    References

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    Formal identification keys

    Formal identification keys are the scientifically accepted way to identify species. These will allow the identification of species which are unclear when using quick guides.
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    An Overview of New Zealand's Freshwater Fish Fauna

    Compared to other countries, New Zealand has a sparse freshwater fish fauna of just over fifty species. But it is unique and comprises at least thirty-five native species of which thirty-one are found only in New Zealand.
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    What are you eating? NZ scientists reclassify nori – the seaweed used to make sushi

    News article
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    Publications - mitigation systems (formerly rehabilitation and protection)

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    Freshwater biosecurity - publications

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    Catchments to estuaries - publications