On 1 July 2025, NIWA merged with GNS Science to become Earth Sciences New Zealand.

Campaign-GPS survey definition diagram

NIWA

Figure 2: Campaign-GPS survey definition diagram. Measurements of the vertical stability of Rod Surface Elevation Table (RSET) benchmarks in the mangrove forest, reference station on basement rock (B0PH) and at the Tararu tide gauge. Deep subsidence (SD) and change in surface elevation (E) are defined relative to the base of the RSET benchmark. The surface-elevation trend relative to the RSET benchmark does not account for SD.