Te Kūwaha and Māori

Glass eels (about 5.5 to 7.0 cm) arrive in fresh water during spring, especially during September and October, although they may be present from July to December.

Some simple steps to minimise the effects of wastewater on water quality and mahinga kai.

Once in freshwater, glass eels develop into darker pigmented juvenile eels known as elvers.

Dry stock farms can cover large areas of hill-country grassland that may be steep and prone to erosion.

Māori have an extensive knowledge of the ecology of freshwater eels, and have maintained their customary fisheries for several centuries.

Impacts of mining on water quality and mahinga kai.

Commercial eel fishery in New Zealand began in earnest in the 1960s and expanded rapidly until the early 1970s

NIWA is leading a new six-year research project that seeks to increase our understanding of piharau/kanakana/lamprey, using Mātauranga Māori, social science and biophysical science approaches.

The majority of New Zealanders are able to recall a story about catching eels when they were children.

Tuna, or freshwater eels, are the most widespread freshwater fish in New Zealand. This 'living' educational resource summarises a large amount of scientific and technical literature.

The need to provide upstream passage facilities for ensuring the long term sustainability of migratory freshwater fish populations is now well recognised.

A number of individuals, organisations and hapū have contributed to the development of Ngā Waihotanga Iho.