On 1 July 2025, NIWA merged with GNS Science to become Earth Sciences New Zealand.
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The SHMAK method for rubbish involves collecting and identifying all the rubbish (litter) in the stream and on the stream banks.
The SHMAK method for rubbish involves collecting and identifying all the rubbish (litter) in the stream and on the stream banks. It was designed to complement rubbish assessments on our beaches so the data is comparable.
